EDUGATES International

   In an article by Anthea Rowan , published in New Scientist on 21 October 2023 under the title Brain Bank , the author begins by stating that  " Your brain can build a buffer against dementia and cognitive decline ."    The article focuses on the concept of Cognitive Reserve, which is the brain's capacity to maintain function despite brain damage or age-related changes ; essentially, it acts as a buffer rather than preventing the damage itself.    The article explains that cognitive reserve develops through lifelong engagement in mentally stimulating activities, including education, complex occupations, social engagement, and physical exercise.    Under the subtitle Mental Reserves , the article elaborates on how engaging in a variety of cognitive tasks, such as problem-solving and learning new skills, can strengthen neural networks and enhance cognitive flexibility. These activities promote Neural Plasticity, which is the brain's ability ...

  The Recursive Nature of Salient Entities and Concepts: Cognitive Limits Mathematical Representation of Salience Recursion  Saad Bahajt Abou-Chakra A salient entity (SE) is anything, external or internal, that stands out and captures a person's attention at a given moment; this could be a loud noise, a vivid memory, or a compelling thought. The attention that person gives to that salient entity is actually through an image or representation of it in the brain that we call a salient concept (SC) . Imagine a sudden loud bang outside your window that captures your attention. The loud bang is now a Salient Entity (SE) and your thinking about it means that inside your brains there is a neurological image that represents it; as we said above, we call this neurological image the Salient Concept (SC) of that Salient Entity. If the thought about that loud bang, triggers a deeper thought about that thought, such as questioning whether the band was as loud I I perceived it ...

ئَزَمِة كِتابِة الهَمزِه رموز الهمزه السِّتّه الهمزه صوت من ئصوات لغّتنا، بسّ بالفصحى الفراهيدي، ئللّي عمل هالرّمز ’ء‘ للهمزه، ما عمل لئلها حرف مستقلّ بالكتابه متل ما باقي الحروف ئلها رموز. وعلى الئرحج استَعْمَل هالرّمز ’ء‘ اللّي هو راس حرف العين، لئنّه الئَعاجم كانو وما زالو بيلفظو العين همزه. فحاول يميّز الهمزه عن العين بدون ما يعملهن رمزَين مختلفين. المهمّ ئِنُّه بينما كلّ حرف ئِجْمالًا ئِلُه مِن شكلين متل ’ر‘ و’ـر‘، لَئَرْبَع ئَشكال متل ’ جـ‘ و’ـجـ‘ و’ـج‘ و’ج‘،  الهمزه ئِلها ئَكتر: 1-   أ - متل بكلمات أمل ورأي؛ و   ـأ - متل بكلمة سـأل، 2-   إ - متل بكلمة إقبال، 3-   آ - متل بكلمة آب،   - ـآ متل بكلمة ضـآله، 4-   ؤ - متل بكلمة رؤوف،        ـؤ - متل بكلمة بـؤبـؤ، 5-   ئـ - متل بكلمة وئام،           ـئـ - متل بكلمة لئيم،             ـئ - متل بكلمة لاجئ، وللحقيقه ...

In this paper I tackle the question of personal identity as to “what attributes define a person and make them who they are”.   The paper aims at informing cultural competency trainees and learning providers and therefore I shall not go into detailed discussions about what defines personhood , evidence of personhood, or about what persistence of personality is (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, n.d.) Lack of Consensus Researchers and theoreticians in the fields of philosophy, psychology and social sciences, do not have a consensus regarding what factors define personal identity. While West & Zimmerman, for example, focused in their research on the effects of gender , Maddox studied ethnicity .   Cheryan & Monin’s work, on the other hand, focused on nationality and Proshansky introduced and studied ‘ place identity ’. Professor Vivian Vignoles, of the School of Psychology at the University of Sussex, on the other hand proposes that identity has personal and soc...