A summary of educational theories (Merriam and Caffarella 1991: 138)
Aspect/School Behaviourist Cognitivist Humanist Social and situational Theorists Thorndike, Pavlov, Watson, Guthrie, Hull, Tolman, Skinner Koffka, Kohler, Lewin , Piaget, Ausubel, Bruner , Gagne Maslow, Rogers Bandura, Lave and Wenger , Salomon View of the learning process Change in behaviour Internal mental process (including insight, information processing, memory, perception A personal act to fulfill potential . Interaction /observation in social contexts. Movement from the periphery to the centre of a community of practice Locus of learning Stimuli in external environment Internal cognitive structuring Affective and cognitive needs Learning is in relationship between people and environment. Purpose in education Produce behavioural change in desired direction Develop capacity and skills to learn better Become self-a